Schizophrenia, a chronic psychiatric disorder which affects the way a person thinks, feels, and behaves. patients with schizophrenia may seem like they have lost connection with reality, which can be distressing for them and their families and friends.

Early symptoms include:

• Isolating oneself from friends and family
• Changing friends or social groups
• A change in focus and concentration
• Sleep problems
• Irritability and agitation
• Difficulties with schoolwork or poor academic performance
• Anxiety
• Vague suspiciousness
• Odd ideas
• Feeling different from others

Causes

The major cause of schizophrenia is still unknown. Scientists believe several factors can contribute, including:

• Biological
• Genetic
• Environmental

Complications if left untreated:

Schizophrenia is a severe mental illness that needs prompt medical assistance. The condition increases the risk of serious complications, like:

• Self-injury or suicide
• Anxiety
• Phobias
• Depression
• Alcohol or drug use
• Family problems

Diagnosis:

At your appointment, your doctor will ask questions regarding the following:

• Medical history
• Mental health
• Family medical history

Your doctor may conduct the following test:

• A physical exam
• Blood tests
• Imaging tests (magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or computed tomography (CT) scan)

Treatment:

Possible treatments options for schizophrenia include the below:

Medications

Antipsychotic medication is the common treatment for schizophrenia. Medication can help manage the following:

• Delusions
• Hallucinations
• Psychosocial problems

Another treatment is psychosocial intervention. This includes specific therapy to help the patient cope with stress and the illness.

Social training can improve the social and communication skills.

Vocational rehabilitation

Vocational rehabilitation can give the skills patient needs to resume back to normal. 

Family support and education

Having support from family and friends can help lower stress and create a feeling of inclusion. There are educational programs available for family members that can help everyone spot the symptoms and provide support when needed.